Stonehenge is primarily constructed with two types of stones: sarsen sandstone and bluestones. The giant sarsen sandstones originate from northern Wiltshire, about 25 km from...
Volcanic ash is primarily composed of mineral particles and rock fragments. It contains silica, often in the form of silicon dioxide, as well as iron...
The Perito Moreno Glacier is immense, with a thickness that sometimes exceeds 700 meters. This enormous mass acts as a natural cold reservoir. When ice...
When temperatures rise, glaciers react quickly. They melt. Here, we're talking about ice transforming into water. The glacier loses mass. Scientists measure this loss of...
Sand grains are small fragments of silica, generally quartz. They measure between 0.0625 mm and 2 mm in diameter. The shape of the grains can...
Millions of years ago, monumental geological forces shaped the Norwegian fjords. The Earth's crust bent, cracked, and lifted. These movements, caused by plate tectonics, created...
Mountains form due to the movements of tectonic plates. When two plates crash into each other, it creates folds and faults in the Earth's crust. This process...
The composition of the lava changes everything. If the lava is fluid, meaning low in silica, it flows easily. This results in effusive eruptions, like...
Mountains cover about a quarter of the Earth's surface. They primarily form through tectonic movements where plates collide and push the ground upward. The tallest...
Magma can be fluid or viscous. It depends on its chemical composition. Magma with a lot of silica? Very viscous. This makes eruptions more explosive. Magma with...
